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The Anatomy of a Keynesian Recovery

Almost two and a half years since the recession officially ended, we are finally observing a modest recovery in the job market.  Even if we discount the 42,000 new holiday season jobs for “couriers and messengers,” there is clearly some jobs growth in key sectors of the economy.  Unfortunately, aside for the fact that the recovery is languid and underwhelming by historical standards, it is also unwholesome.  Our economic recovery is similar to a computer that is repaired from a serious virus; it functions adequately but is never the same.  In other words, we are reaping the benefits of a government-managed Keynesian recovery.

During 2008-2009, instead of letting the economy settle and enjoy a robust recovery through the perennial business cycle, the Bush and Obama administrations engaged in fiscal stimulus, monetary stimulus, housing stimulus, bailouts, and takeovers of major industries.  Perforce, our economy, as much is it will inevitably recover, will be fundamentally weaker than it was prior to the recession.  Historically, we have always come out of recessions in a stronger position than prior to the economic downturn, but not this time.

Nothing is more emblematic of our permanently damaged economy than the interminable shrinkage of our labor force.  Our labor force is roughly 850,000 smaller than it was when the recession ended in middle of 2009, even though the civilian population of working age people has increased by roughly 4 million.  At this point in the Reagan recovery, the labor force had expanded by 4 million.

The labor force participation rate has steadily declined from 65.7% in mid-2009 to 64.0%, even as unemployment has eased.  During that same period, almost another 200,000 people gave up looking for work.  If the participation rate were back to its recent average, the U3 unemployment rate would be well over 11%.  This is not even accounting for the U6 number of underemployed and part-time workers, which is still astronomically high (15.2%).  Overall, 23.7 million are either out of work or underemployed.

Oh, and what about the fact that the Black unemployment rate has climbed another 0.8% to 15.8% over the past three months?  Is this good news?  Or is it more soft bigotry of low expectations?

Wall Street Journal

What’s equally disconcerting is the fact that the employment-population ratio, the proportion of working-age people who are employed, is near an all-time low at 58.5%.  How are we going to sustain Social Security, as well as all the welfare programs, with such a small workforce relative to the population?  With less people working, we will permanently forfeit much of our economic output.  The median household income has already dropped 5.1% since the end of the recession.

Unless we end the bipartisan micromanagement of our economy, a sluggish economy and a permanently anemic labor force will be the new norm.  As long as our entire GDP is consumed by debt, we will be relegated to European style economic growth forever.  And that is exactly what Obama intended when he campaigned on fundamentally transforming America.

COMMENTS

  • NeoKong

    They may not be at work but they are still there.
    Who is paying their bills….?
    Who pays for the food and rent?
    Who is picking up their health care ?
    I think we know.

    I have seen it first hand may times. If you give somebody just enough money to get by without working they get used to it pretty darn fast. You need a bulldozer to push them back into the workforce.
    They gain weight. They sleep late. They drink more and pick up all sorts of bad habits.

    There are millions of people who dance right on the line of employability. They never really had a steady everyday job but always worked at least six to nine months a year. We have all seen them. They are the people you call when you get hit with a lot of new work and need guys fast. When things get slow they’re the ones staying home.
    That doesn’t describe everybody that temporary seasonal help describes a lot of people.

    • Repair_Man_Jack

      I saw some of it as a student in LA. You could go down 3rd St on Saturday and buy alot of small, household goods like batteries, beadroom slippers etc. for cheap prices, cash-only, and get no receipt for your purchase. It was on way too large a sclae to be a receipt of stolen goods deal.

      • NeoKong

        Those open air markets are bustling with people if only for the weekend.
        Just like the farm stands that set up shop in a parking lot on Saturday.
        Two twelve hours days for some good cash keep a lot of people going.
        It may be informal and under the radar but that is a job.
        They work hard and they get paid.
        Two or three hundred bucks for the weekend.

        There are thousand of jobs like that. Coffee shops that only need somebody for the weekend. Hotels that only need somebody for the summer. A roofing contractor who just sold three big roofs and he needs to do them fast.
        That contractor for example will call two guys he has been using for years off and on.
        But those two guys got on unemployment two months ago and the thought of starting at 6 AM when it is only twenty five degrees out reminds them that oh yeah….”my back has been bothering me”.

        “Oh dude….Ah geez I’d love to but my back has been bothering me and I actually got a doctor’s appointment tomorrow. DAMN! Oh man I really want to work too…what time you starting….? Oh man….sorry dude.

    • thurman

      Many younger potential workers are wasting their time going back to school, for useless MFA’s or law degrees or whatever– basically just stalling a few years and (racking up loan debt) with degrees they don’t want/need, foolishly thinking it will pay off down the road. Expect them all at future Occupy rallies whining about their loan debts

      A lot of women who were part of dual income households have just given up the concept of a second income and are homemakers now. Some men have taken on this role as well.

      A lot of older folks have been nudged into early retirements, many before they would have planned

      A lot are certainly now starting their own businesses online, for cash, etc in a new shadow economy.

      I don’t think it’s hard to imagine that when the economy does legitimately start to pick up (hopefully in response to a new POTUS being elected), we will see a surge of new workers back into the job market and a higher unemployment rate for a while even while job numbers are improving

      • renny

        paying for college credits, some kind of stipend, and you don’t even have to get a degree or certification or even pass the course. I had a student in 2010 in five-week summer session who was taking five classes in each of 3 colleges at the same time and getting his courses paid for, a stipend with each, and he was planning to get teacher certification, but the program requirements do not specify that anyone achieve an outcome or even pass. They just have to be ENROLLED. Colleges love it, because they have a guaranteed income and payments they don’t have to hassle students about. And it ups the attendance, so if they get state or federal aid, they get more because they have a higher enrollment. It’s win-win, by Keynesian standards.

    • ctredstater

      I am in the employment profession (outplacement), and what NeoKong has written is exactly correct. When I got in the business years ago, unemployed people in Connecticut had 13 weeks of benefits. Many of them got jobs in 3-6 weeks after being unemployed. There are many many studies which show that a huge percentage of the people who find employment do so in the final few weeks before the benefits run out.

      with the possibility of 99 weeks of unemployment, the game has totally changed. people routinely decide they need “a few weeks off to clear their head”. and then get comfortable with a new lifestyle which doesn’t include work or looking for a job. they walk the dog. go to the gym. watch television. stay busy and the time goes by.

      after some period of time, they start looking for a job. but at this point have lost their edge – mentally. so a little rejection in the early stages of a job search – very standard – very expected – psychs them out. then they start telling their friends about their troubles. how they havent’ “even gotten an interview in four months”.

      the friends tell them – “hey it is no fault of your own. there are no jobs”. at this point, the under ground economy, friends, or other government programs kick in.

      multiply this by a few million people and you have what we have now. a stagnant economy with millions of people who have convinced themselves they are victims and that the “government isn’t doing enough”.

      The trend towards this has been going on for years. but got accelerated by the post Fall 2008 meltdown and the entrance on the scene of the Obama Administration. The next really damaging aspect is that these folks are sitting ducks for the “that rich guy over there stole from you” message that this the essence of the Obama re-election campaign message.

      The only tonic that will work – in my view – is a President, an administration, and a new Congress that is fanatically devoted to doing what it takes to reverse this. To dramatically cut federal spending, eliminating multiple departments. To simplifying the tax code. To restoring the idea of an American Dream – based on entrepreneurship and adding value to the world through your daily work.

      Perry is, in my view, the only guy who has the street cred (track record) to do this. I hope and pray he continues to “find his voice” and that before the SC primary Republican voters will figure this out. Barring that, Newt is a very flawed second choice.

      Romney, in my view, has zero chance of this. His message is that there is nothing really wrong that a smart technocrat can’t fix. That we don’t need to rock the boat – we just need to trim the sails. With a federal budget stuck for years at 140% of tax receipts, this is to me insanity. But there are powerful forces working to ensure that Romney is the guy.

      If Obama is re-elected, the slide toward the Grecian cliff becomes almost unstoppable.

      • dajeeps

        Because the demand for workers would still be there, with very few to satisfy it. We wouldn’t have 100s of applications for every job opening.

        In case you didn’t know, the financial crisis consisted of trillions of dollars in cash substitutes (MBS and CDOs) becoming worthless. That is the mother of nearly all nominal shocks, second only to the one that caused the Great Depression. Nominal GDP plunged in total by more than 20% back in the 1930s, and it plunged by ~15% from 2008-2009 with very little mitigation. In all of the post-WWII recessions, except for this one, the Fed has been able to mitigate plunges in NGDP without creating runaway inflation because they were small by comparison. Therefore, there is no study of UI that could provide any kind of meaningful information because there has not been a recession of this magnitude since UI was established.

        It really is amazing that we can have so many speculators who with no clue what kind of recession we are experiencing and have not had the opportunity to walk in the shoes of the unemployed over the last few years . If you are right, then perhaps families were torn apart when parents had to give up their children because they couldn’t feed them and orphanages were stuffed to the brim, grandparents were left to fend for themselves, and former breadwinners faced starvation themselves in the Great Depression because they were lazy. Yeah, that must be it – there were jobs everywhere.

  • wbf

    see this article from October 28, 2011. I printed it out to keep a copy.

    “The Shadow Superpower” http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/10/28/black_market_global_economy?page=full

    • Repair_Man_Jack

      They found a way to count their black market economy and their GNP sky-rocketted.

  • wbf

    nt

  • johnt

    You don’t get that with a truly healthy economy and sustained growth. Our media watchdogs, the ones who watch and cover for the human mess in the WH, will continue to prattle about an economy which has turned the corner. Assuming even that the regime isn’t or won’t massage the stats we will see more bad news treated as good, headlines matter.
    By September we might be hearing about a new Golden Age, a Periclean period handed us by the savant in the WH, he who has calmed the waters and gives us our bread.
    When he’s not confused over what state he’s in.

  • floydius

    for the fact that Obama didn’t start this Keynsian fire… he just fanned the flames that Bush stoked with the bailouts. Even Bush was just following the logical conclusion of Nixon’s move to release the dollar from any constraint. Nixon’s move was also the inevitable result of years of money printing at the fed. The lesson? Get rid of fractional reserve lending, or suffer while the well-connected live it up.

    • deltazelda

      If I remember correctly, after the House voted NOT to bail out the auto hecompanies, Bush bailed them out anyway. I really don’t know why the House didn’t impeach him. I thought the House had to approve all spending. Of course, the Congress voted not to give any money to ACORN, Obama went ahead and gave money to the group. Looks like a prez can do whatever he wants regardless of the law. I’ve not heard any outcry from either house of congress on this.

  • Death_of_the_Donkey

    1) the decline in the LFPR has been predicted (and as you showed was underway for some time prior to this recession) due primarily to boomers beginning to leave the workforce. Remember that not only have some boomers retired early, but others no longer have the need to dual incomes once their kids are grown and thus if one loses a job, there is no need to get a new one.

    2) I would thoroughly discount any LF gains under Reagan, as that would have been the tail end of the boomers entering the workforce coupled with a significant rise in the LFPR of women, which was previously a fairly depressed number.

    3) I am not sure you are being fair to what exactly would have happened to our economy had we simply done nothing back in 2008. And to say that we would be in better shape today had we done nothing is simply pure speculation and wishful thinking.

  • libertyatstake

    “…the proportion of working-age people who are employed, is near an all-time low at 58.5%…”

    d(^_^)b
    http://libertyatstake.blogspot.com/
    “Because the Only Good Progressive is a Failed Progressive”

  • dajeeps

    National debt is now larger than the entire economy. I’ve seen calculations that say that our economy would have to grow at a 6% pace annually to keep up with spending growth and interest payments. Right now, and nearly as far as forecasting can be even roughly right, we won’t grow more than 2-3% for the next several years. We have literally had our futures sold out from under us, not just our kids and grand kids, it’s here now. There’s just no way to get out of it save for some kind of soft default or some kind of fire sale.

  • Common_Cents

    or average duration of UE at 40+ weeks?

    The civilian labor force participation rate (64.0 percent) and the employment-
    population ratio (58.5 percent) were both unchanged over the month. (See
    table A-1.)

    Labor participation rates at all time lows? Heck, lets reduce the participation rate a little lower and we’ll have ZERO unemployment.

    I noticed at BLS that they are making changes in Jan2012 in the way UE surveys are done. You know they will be gamed even more.

  • Common_Cents

    Merry Christmas! hehe