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Energy Policy Outrage, Part II: ‘Windmills Are Pretty!’

If you're still looking for a reason to vote against the Dems, their energy policy is horrible and contrary to American interests.

Despite the inefficiency, unreliability and poor economics of wind energy, even the biggest skeptic would acknowledge the appeal of the Bird Cuisinart* to anyone interested in the elusive goal of Energy Independence. After all, the wind is free, right?

The wind may be free but the magnets required to make electricity from the whirling blades of a windmill are any thing but free. As we have seen previously in these pages, each giant turbine’s set of magnets contains some 700 pounds of rare earth metals. Ninety-seven percent of the world’s supply of rare earth metals comes from China.

And:

Having blocked shipments of raw rare earth minerals to Japan since mid-September, and to the United States and Europe since early last week, Chinese customs agents on Thursday morning allowed shipments to resume to all three destinations, the industry officials said. …

Even with containers of rare earths once again leaving China’s docks, foreign buyers still face potential shortages. As China’s own industrial needs for rare earths have grown, Beijing has repeatedly reduced its export quotas for the minerals over the last five years. So even when China is shipping its full quotas, the outbound supply is now well below world demand. [Source.]

As was the case yesterday, the outrages perpetrated by this Administration are manifold:

  1. Grownups know that the “green economy” will happen only in the world of Rainbows, Unicorns and Magic Windmills because of the well-known engineering deficiencies of wind as a generating source. Let’s stop pretending.
  2. Wind energy is supposed to benefit Energy Independence. How? Is it better to be 70% dependent on imports from a variety of sources, or practically 100% dependent on a potentially-hostile nation with an authoritarian government, and our biggest competition for energy?
  3. What’s the aerobic benefit of kowtowing? Because we’re going to be doing plenty of it; we’ll be poor but fit. And not for rare earth minerals. For oil, because while we’re futzing around pretending that wind might someday account for more than 3% of our energy supply, the Chinese are securing oil supplies around the globe as fast as they can.
  4. The only ingredient missing from our ability to greatly enhance our Energy Security is the “want to”. Our political leaders need to realize that we have abundant domestic resources of oil and especially gas, but decades of populist rhetoric have turned the populace against the companies and the technologies needed to develop them.

* About that “Bird Cuisinart” reference:

Cross-posted at VladEnBlog.

COMMENTS

  • eastbaylarry

    Same rare earth element limits for photo-voltaic and solar mirror systems tend to cook birds on the wing.

  • ss396

    Why is there no “buy American” policy requirement for energy?

    • http://www.hakubi.us/ Neil Stevens

      You know, the original Tea Party was part of a struggle against protectionism.

      • acat
        • acat

          The protection being in the form of protecting British interests, via taxes on imported products, including tea.

          Mew

      • ss396

        I hadn’t intended my post to advocate protectionism; I was just pointing out the hypocrisy of the left in their mantra of “buy American” as their purely union protectionism. When I encounter someone wearing a “Buy American” T-shirt or sticker, I ask them if that includes crude oil? I have not yet received a printable reply.

    • http://vladenblog.tumblr.com Vladimir
  • http://wadingacross.wordpress.com logus

    Thanks for enlightening us about the rare earth minerals concerning magnets, windmills and China.

    What a sad joke. Progressives are trying to shunt us backwards several centuries.

    A while back I’d written about a wind farm I’ve seen on I-55 between St. Louis and Chicago. I was astounded by the sheer size of the” farm” and the turbines. And then seeing it at night…

    Sometimes money doesn’t make for a good tradeoff. I wonder if any of the locals that live around that windfarm wish it wasn’t there?

    And then adding resource materials and production issues into the mix?! lol Oy.

  • JoeG

    Most of them use induction generators that are made out of steel and copper.

    There is plenty to blast them on, don’t use falsehoods to make your point.

    • acat

      Just where is the magnetic field coming from? A magnet.

      Steel magnets are possible, yes, but .. much less strong than rare earth magnets, and the stronger the magnet, the smaller it has to be.

      Not sure about the big turbines – do they do the generating at the head (i.e. a couple stories in the air) to avoid mechanical loss if they were to, like old farm-style windmills, spin a drive shaft and put the “work” (i.e. generator, pump, lathe, whatever) at ground level?

      If they’re putting the generator in the head, right behind the blades, to minimize mechanical loss, then they almost have to be using rare earth magnets. Anything else is just too big.

      Mew

      • JoeG

        Just about everything you say you get wrong.

        “Just where is the magnetic field coming from? A magnet.”

        Ever hear of an electromagnet? That’s what nuclear power plants, hydro plants, coal plants and natural gas plants use.

        Two brands of big turbines use doubly fed induction machines. These have both the rotor and stator wound with a three phase winding. The rotor is fed from a three phase inverter to generate a rotating field.

        The rest use induction generators.

        http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induction_generator

        In an induction generator the field is applied by the grid.

        “Steel magnets are possible, yes, but .. much less strong than rare earth magnets, and the stronger the magnet, the smaller it has to be.”

        The best commercial magnets have a field of 1 Tesla. The field strength in a generator made from steel and copper typically runs around 1.6T.

        “Not sure about the big turbines – do they do the generating at the head (i.e. a couple stories in the air) to avoid mechanical loss if they were to, like old farm-style windmills, spin a drive shaft and put the ?work? (i.e. generator, pump, lathe, whatever) at ground level?”

        The generator is up in the nacelle. Along with the gearbox, controls… everything except the step up transformer.

        “If they?re putting the generator in the head, right behind the blades, to minimize mechanical loss, then they almost have to be using rare earth magnets. Anything else is just too big.”

        They have a two or three stage gearbox between the generator and the rotor. The rotor spins around 12 to 15 RPM. The generator spins at 1800 RPM.

        Ever see a nacelle? They are bigger than you think (and higher up than “a few stories” – try about 50). Because of their height you don’t realize how honking big they are. The generator itself is about 5′ in diameter and about 8′ long.

        • http://www.hakubi.us/ Neil Stevens

          An ELECTROMAGNET… to GENERATE ELECTRICITY?

          Surely we’re BETTER OFF just using a STRONG MAGNET OUT OF THE GROUND?

          Dog and Woman

          • JoeG

            Explain to me how the generators at Nuclear Power Plants (I work at one, BTW – they are the true green power), Coal Plants or Natural Gas Plants work?

            Try reading this:

            http://www.powergeneratorinfo.com/synchronous-generator/synchronous-generator.php

            BTW, what is the significance of the picture? I guess to redirect people away from me pointing out that you’re an idiot?

          • JoeG

            always look to see if it somebody else stepping in….

            Sorry Neil….

          • http://www.hakubi.us/ Neil Stevens

            Actually the point of the picture was to try to settle you down a bit. It seems to have worked… though not QUITE how I expected. :)

          • streiff

            is that you, Homer?

        • acat

          The pre-stage generator uses .. magnets? to power the electromagnets for the main generator…?

          Interesting.

          Learn something new every day.

          And yes, I’ve seen the windmills up close. On flatbeds, on their way to be installed.

          Mew

          • JoeG

            The main generator is 1180MW. The main generator field is powered by a 1.3MW exciter further down the shaft. That exciter’s field is powered by… itself. About 3% of the exciter output is routed back to its own field.

            When the plant starts up the exciter is started by “flashing” the field with a battery. We have a 250V battery bank that is used to back up non-safety systems in the turbine building and that battery supplies to the boot power to get it all running.

            Some plants do use a permanent magnet “pilot” exciter that excites the exciter. So far I’ve only seen that at a few coal plants.

            Some plants forgo either exciter altogether and just transform and rectify power from the power line to directly power the field. The downside is that it takes a lot of power just to boot the field. This is common at gas turbine plants, where stat-up takes a LOT of power; most gas turbines take 30% of output to wind up.

          • acat
          • acat
    • http://vladenblog.tumblr.com Vladimir

      The New York Times may not be the world’s most credible source, but they do say this in the article I linked.

      That is a sizable, additional cost for buyers of neodymium, a rare earth used to make lightweight, powerful magnets essential to technologies including giant wind turbines, gasoline-electric cars and Apple iPhones.

      We’ve also got the Secretary of State of the U.S. with her panties in a wad over the issue. Sorry about that mental image.

      If I perpetrated a falsehood, then my apologies, but I did cite a source.

      Until you do likewise, you’re just JoeG.

      • JoeG

        But I can demonstrate evidence combining some links.

        I suspect where the whole permanent magnet story comes from is that some of the turbine manufacturers are looking at new versions using permanent magnets. That will be in the news, but doesn’t represent what most of them use. GE for example has one of it’s 4 models with permanent magnets: but the numbers are over 14,000 without and 35 with. If the magnets go away they can just keep making the other 3 that already represent almost everything they make anyway.

        Now for the links…

        Mitsubishi is permanent magnet free:

        http://www.mpshq.com/products/wind_turbines/index.html

        The data sheets are linked to on the lower right of that page.

        Their 1 MW machine has a “induction generator”. Their 2.4 MW machine has a “doubly fed asynchronous generator”

        If you’re a purist, go to a technical library and check out an electric machines book. Otherwise, we have wikipedia:

        http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induction_generator

        http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doubly-fed_electric_machine

        Neither article mentions permanent magnets; that’s because neither of these electric machines uses magnets.

        Now for GE:

        http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&cd=3&ved=0CCQQFjAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gepower.com%2Fprod_serv%2Fproducts%2Futility_software%2Fen%2Fdownloads%2F09100_Modeling_of_GE_Wind_Turbine-Generators_for_Grid_Studies.pdf&rct=j&q=GE%20doubly%20fed%20wind%20turbine&ei=Ar_LTJLEN5LCsAO_wvmIDw&usg=AFQjCNE_TE0NpFkutypLYAsjiOPqCGvrSA&cad=rja

        1 model with magnets, 3 without. And as I noted above, they’ve sold 35 of the magnet using model, over 14,000 of the non-magnet model.

        Vestas is the other huge manufacturer. Unfortunately I’m unable to come up with links, but they too are permanent magnet free.

      • JoeG

        “If I perpetrated a falsehood, then my apologies, but I did cite a source.”

        No need to apologize. My word was very carefully chosen because I do not believe that you did anything intentionally dishonest. I greatly appreciate your contributions to the energy topics here.

        “The New York Times may not be the world?s most credible source”

        Yep. What’s the track record on petroleum extraction? I bet reading an article from them on the subject seems to miss the mark terribly.

        What irks me is their nuclear coverage because I am a true nuke fan.

        • http://vladenblog.tumblr.com Vladimir

          …technology as most papers. When they keep politics out of it, anyway.

  • belcatar

    They put a windfarm on Mars Hill in Maine, and the residents there hate it. They complain about the whoop-whoop noise of the blades, and the worst part is, all the power generated in Maine windmills goes to Massachusetts.

    They have another wind farm up the road from my house, called the Stetson Range wind farm…that one’s pretty remote, but at night it lights up the horizon. Sure, it’s brought a few jobs to the area, but those jobs were for out-of-state people who came in, did the work, and then left.

    But at least Boston will have an extra source of power.

  • 6eorge Jetson

    Windmills are seemingly always built with aesthetic single white poles, while other electric infrastructure is usually built with cost-effective lattice structures.

    Don’t fall for the false imagery. It’s not free.

    • acat

      Illinois seems to be moving away from the “erector set” grey steel lattice and toward a “modular” single pole system. The single poles are segmented, each segment is trucked in separately, they’re bolted together at the joints, and they do look a lot nicer.

      I don’t have a picture, but there’s a spot along I-355, IIRC, where the old and new towers are side by side.

      Mew